Within Latter-day Saint theology, "outer darkness" is a term used to describe the state or place where individuals may go after judgment if they fully and ultimately reject God. It represents a condition of spiritual darkness and separation from God's presence, which is in stark contrast to the warmth and light of God's glory found in higher kingdoms of glory.
The concept of outer darkness is somewhat unique and can be found in both ancient and modern scriptures. In the New Testament, phrases like "outer darkness" are used in parables taught by Jesus Christ, such as in Matthew 8:12. However, in Latter-day Saint scripture, this is expanded upon in the Doctrine & Covenants.
Doctrine & Covenants 76:44-48 discusses the fate of the "sons of perdition," those who have committed the unpardonable sin by denying the Holy Ghost after having received a perfect knowledge. It speaks of their eternal suffering and the darkness they must endure, indicating a complete absence of divine light.
Church leaders have offered insights into who might be destined for outer darkness. It is a state reserved for those who once fully understood and experienced the power and presence of God and then willfully and entirely rejected it. According to leaders like Bruce R. McConkie, this group is relatively small, as it requires a full knowledge and then an absolute denial and rebellion against that knowledge.
While the topic of outer darkness may seem daunting, it serves a purpose in understanding God’s justice. Latter-day Saint theology emphasizes both the justice and mercy of God. Outer darkness highlights the seriousness of our choices and the eternal consequences they can bring.
However, it's crucial to remember the Latter-day Saint belief in a loving and merciful Heavenly Father who offers numerous opportunities for repentance and progression. The concept of outer darkness can be seen as the extreme result of complete rebellion against God, rather than a fate that awaits the majority.
In essence, outer darkness is a sobering reminder of the importance of our agency and the eternal impact of our choices. It underscores the doctrine that we are agents unto ourselves, with the capacity to choose eternal joy and light or to turn away and face spiritual isolation.